Acoustical Properties Of Common Materials
Material
Ultrasonic Velocity
Longitudinal
Transverse (Shear)
Impedance
in / us
mm / us
Z
METALS
Aluminum 1100-0
0.248
6.229
0.121
3.073
17.1
Aluminum 2024-T4
0.251
6.375
0.124
3.150
17.6
Aluminum 6061-T6
6.299
17.0
Beryllium
0.507
12.878
0.350
8.890
23.5
Brass (70% Cu - 30% Zn
0.172
4.369
0.083
2.108
37.1
Bronze (Phosphor 5%)
0.139
3.531
0.088
2.235
31.3
Copper (CP)
0.187
4.750
0.092
2.337
42.5
Gold
0.128
3.251
0.047
1.194
62.6
Hastelloy C
0.230
5.842
0.114
2.896
52.2
Hastelloy X
0.228
5.791
0.108
2.743
47.7
Inconel (Wrought)
0.308
7.823
0.119
3.023
64.5
Iron (Cast), Various Alloys
0.138-0.220
3.505-5.588
0.087-0.126
2.210-3.200
24.3-41.2
Lead (94Pb-6Sb)
0.085
2.159
0.032
0.813
Magnesium, Various Alloys
0.215-0.228
5.461-5.791
0.119-0.122
3.023-3.099
9.24-10.6
Monel
0.211
5.359
0.107
2.718
47.2
Nickel (CP)
0.222
5.639
0.117
2.972
50.0
Silver (0.99 Fine)
0.142
3.607
0.063
1.600
37.8
Steel 1020
0.232
5.893
45.4
Steel 4340
45.6
Steel , CRES 300 Series
0.221-0.226
5.613-5.740
0.120-.0123
3.048-3.124
44.6-45.4
Steel , CRES 400 Series
0.212-0.237
5.385-6.020
0.118-0.132
2.997-3.353
41.3-46.3
Titanium, 6AI-4V
0.243
6.172
0.130
3.302
27.3
Zircaloy
0.186
4.724
0.093
2.362
44.2
Zirconium
0.183
4.648
0.089
2.261
30.1
POLYMERS
Acrylics
0.105-0.109
2.667-2.769
0.044-0.057
1.118-1.448
3.15-3.51
Cellulose Acetate
0.096
2.438
No Shear Component
3.19
Nylon
0.016
2.692
-------------
Phenolic
0.056
1.422
1.90
Polycarbonate
0.090
2.286
2.71
Polyethylene
0.105
2.667
2.94
Polystyrene
0.094
2.388
0.045
1.143
2.52
Rubber (Natural)
0.061
1.549
1.74
Rubber (Carbon Filter)
0.066
1.676
Rubber (Silicone)
0.037
0.94
1.40
Teflon
0.054
1.372
0.250
6.35
3.00
MISCELLANEOUS SOLIDS
Alumina (Al2O3)
0.427
10.846
43.1
Concrete
0.167-0.207
4.242-5.258
0.135
3.429
12.4
Glass (Plate)
0.227
5.766
14.5
Granite
0.156
3.962
0.076
1.93
10.9
Ice ( -16C)
0.150
3.81
3.60
Quartz, Natural
0.226
5.74
15.2
Quartz, Fused
0.219
5.563
0.302
7.671
Sapphire
0.469
11.913
0.157
3.988
Tungsten Carbide
0.262
6.655
67.6
COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Fiberglass (50 v/o)
3.15
0.068
1.727
6.04
Graphite/Epoxy (60 v/o)
0.077
1.956
4.65
Boron/Epoxy (50v/o)
0.131
3.327
0.072
1.829
6.38
LIQUIDS
Ethylene Glycol
0.064
1.626
1.80
Glycerin
2.42
Oil (SAE 20)
0.069
1.753
1.51
Water (20C)
0.058
1.473
1.48
Gases
Air (20ºC)
0.014
0.356
0.00041
Nitrogen (20ºC)
Oxygen (20ºC)
0.013
0.33
0.00043
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