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Acoustical Properties Of Common Materials
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Material
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Ultrasonic Velocity
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|
Longitudinal
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Transverse (Shear)
|
Impedance
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|
in / us
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mm / us
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in / us
|
mm / us
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Z
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METALS
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Aluminum 1100-0
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0.248
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6.229
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0.121
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3.073
|
17.1
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Aluminum 2024-T4
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0.251
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6.375
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0.124
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3.150
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17.6
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Aluminum 6061-T6
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0.248
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6.299
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0.124
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3.150
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17.0
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Beryllium
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0.507
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12.878
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0.350
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8.890
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23.5
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Brass (70% Cu - 30% Zn
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0.172
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4.369
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0.083
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2.108
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37.1
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Bronze (Phosphor 5%)
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0.139
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3.531
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0.088
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2.235
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31.3
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Copper (CP)
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0.187
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4.750
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0.092
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2.337
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42.5
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Gold
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0.128
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3.251
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0.047
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1.194
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62.6
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Hastelloy C
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0.230
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5.842
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0.114
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2.896
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52.2
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Hastelloy X
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0.228
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5.791
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0.108
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2.743
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47.7
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Inconel (Wrought)
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0.308
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7.823
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0.119
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3.023
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64.5
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Iron (Cast), Various Alloys
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0.138-0.220
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3.505-5.588
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0.087-0.126
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2.210-3.200
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24.3-41.2
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Lead (94Pb-6Sb)
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0.085
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2.159
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0.032
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0.813
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23.5
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Magnesium, Various Alloys
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0.215-0.228
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5.461-5.791
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0.119-0.122
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3.023-3.099
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9.24-10.6
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Monel
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0.211
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5.359
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0.107
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2.718
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47.2
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Nickel (CP)
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0.222
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5.639
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0.117
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2.972
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50.0
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Silver (0.99 Fine)
|
0.142
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3.607
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0.063
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1.600
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37.8
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Steel 1020
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0.232
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5.893
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0.128
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3.251
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45.4
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Steel 4340
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0.230
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5.842
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0.128
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3.251
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45.6
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Steel , CRES 300 Series
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0.221-0.226
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5.613-5.740
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0.120-.0123
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3.048-3.124
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44.6-45.4
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Steel , CRES 400 Series
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0.212-0.237
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5.385-6.020
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0.118-0.132
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2.997-3.353
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41.3-46.3
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Titanium, 6AI-4V
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0.243
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6.172
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0.130
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3.302
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27.3
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Zircaloy
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0.186
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4.724
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0.093
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2.362
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44.2
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Zirconium
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0.183
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4.648
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0.089
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2.261
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30.1
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POLYMERS
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Acrylics
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0.105-0.109
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2.667-2.769
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0.044-0.057
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1.118-1.448
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3.15-3.51
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Cellulose Acetate
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0.096
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2.438
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No Shear Component
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3.19
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Nylon
|
0.016
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2.692
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No Shear Component
|
-------------
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Phenolic
|
0.056
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1.422
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No Shear Component
|
1.90
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Polycarbonate
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0.090
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2.286
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No Shear Component
|
2.71
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Polyethylene
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0.105
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2.667
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No Shear Component
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2.94
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Polystyrene
|
0.094
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2.388
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0.045
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1.143
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2.52
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Rubber (Natural)
|
0.061
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1.549
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No Shear Component
|
1.74
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Rubber (Carbon Filter)
|
0.066
|
1.676
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No Shear Component
|
-------------
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Rubber (Silicone)
|
0.037
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0.94
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No Shear Component
|
1.40
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Teflon
|
0.054
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1.372
|
0.250
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6.35
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3.00
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MISCELLANEOUS SOLIDS
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Alumina (Al2O3)
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0.427
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10.846
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No Shear Component
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43.1
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Concrete
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0.167-0.207
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4.242-5.258
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0.135
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3.429
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12.4
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Glass (Plate)
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0.227
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5.766
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No Shear Component
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14.5
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Granite
|
0.156
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3.962
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0.076
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1.93
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10.9
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Ice ( -16C)
|
0.150
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3.81
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No Shear Component
|
3.60
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Quartz, Natural
|
0.226
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5.74
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0.139
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3.531
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15.2
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Quartz, Fused
|
0.219
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5.563
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0.302
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7.671
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14.5
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Sapphire
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0.469
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11.913
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0.157
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3.988
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47.2
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Tungsten Carbide
|
0.262
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6.655
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No Shear Component
|
67.6
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COMPOSITE MATERIALS
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Fiberglass (50 v/o)
|
0.124
|
3.15
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0.068
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1.727
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6.04
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Graphite/Epoxy (60 v/o)
|
0.117
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2.972
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0.077
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1.956
|
4.65
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Boron/Epoxy (50v/o)
|
0.131
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3.327
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0.072
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1.829
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6.38
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LIQUIDS
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Ethylene Glycol
|
0.064
|
1.626
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No Shear Component
|
1.80
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Glycerin
|
0.076
|
1.93
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No Shear Component
|
2.42
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Oil (SAE 20)
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0.069
|
1.753
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No Shear Component
|
1.51
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Water (20C)
|
0.058
|
1.473
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No Shear Component
|
1.48
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Gases
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Air (20ºC)
|
0.014
|
0.356
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No Shear Component
|
0.00041
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Nitrogen (20ºC)
|
0.014
|
0.356
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No Shear Component
|
0.00041
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Oxygen (20ºC)
|
0.013
|
0.33
|
No Shear Component
|
0.00043
|
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